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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 143-154.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00121

• • 上一篇    

围封对锡林郭勒沙化草地植被及土壤的影响

米雨晴1,2(), 许宏斌1, 张雷1(), 杨制国1, 唐月坤3, 黄海广1   

  1. 1.内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 内蒙古自治区沙地(沙漠)生态系统与生态工程重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
    2.内蒙古大学 生态环境学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021
    3.通辽市森林公园管护中心,内蒙古 通辽 028000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-19 修回日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 张雷
  • 作者简介:米雨晴(2001—),女,河北保定人,硕士研究生,主要从事沙化土地恢复生态学方面的研究。E-mail: miyuqing2023@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院科研能力提升“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024NLTS03);国家草业技术创新中心(筹)重大创新平台建设专项(CCPTZX2024GJ04)

Effects of enclosure on vegetation and soil in Xilingol desertified grassland

Yuqing Mi1,2(), Hongbin Xu1, Lei Zhang1(), Zhiguo Yang1, Yuekun Tang3, Haiguang Huang1   

  1. 1.Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sandy Land (Desert) Ecosystem and Ecological Engineering,Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China
    2.College of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China
    3.Tongliao Forest Park Management Center,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia,China
  • Received:2025-03-19 Revised:2025-05-19 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Lei Zhang

摘要:

为解析长期围封(10年)对沙化草地生态恢复的作用机制,本研究以锡林郭勒沙化草地为对象,通过样方法开展连续观测,结合冗余分析(RDA)与曼特尔(Mantel)检验,系统探讨植被结构和功能与土壤养分关系。结果表明:(1)围封10年后地上生物量增加了46.5%,群落高度、盖度及密度均得到明显提升,并以多年生禾草为主导功能群维持群落稳定,但伴随物种Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Pielou均匀度指数较对照样地显著降低了14.10%、9.40%、9.57%。(2)围封10年显著提升了沙化草地的土壤肥力,围封处理下各土层全碳、有机质、全氮和水解性氮含量均显著提高,总含量分别提高26.31%、22.78%、16.08%和10.17%。(3)RDA分析与Mantel检验表明,砂粒含量和全氮是影响植物群落及功能群生物量的关键土壤因子,0~5 cm土壤pH和磷含量与植被群落特征呈显著负相关,5~20 cm土壤全碳、全氮和有机质与功能群生物量呈显著正相关。

关键词: 围封, 冗余分析, 植物功能群, 土壤因子

Abstract:

To analyze the mechanism of long-term grazing exclusion (10 years) on the ecological restoration of sandy grassland, this study was conducted in the Xilin Gol desertified grassland. Using the quadrat method for continuous observation and combining Redundancy Analysis (RDA) and Mantel test, we systematically investigated the relationships between vegetation structure/function and soil nutrients. The results indicated that: (1) After 10 years of grazing exclusion, the aboveground biomass increased by 46.5%, while community height, coverage, and density were significantly enhanced. The community stabilized with perennial grasses as the dominant functional group, but this was accompanied by significant decreases in species' Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, and Pielou evenness index by 14.10%, 9.40%, and 9.57%, respectively, compared to the control site. (2) Grazing exclusion for 10 years significantly enhanced the soil fertility of the desertified grassland. The contents of total carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, and hydrolytic nitrogen in the grazing exclusion treatment were significantly increased across soil layers, with total contents increased by 26.31%, 22.78%, 16.08%, and 10.17%, respectively. (3) RDA and Mantel tests revealed that sand content and total nitrogen were key soil factors influencing plant community and functional group biomass. Soil pH and phosphorus content in the 0-5 cm layer showed significant negative correlations with vegetation community characteristics, while total carbon, total nitrogen, and organic matter in the 5-20 cm layer were significantly positively correlated with functional group biomass.

Key words: enclosure, redundancy analysis, plant functional groups, soil factors

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